1june

Testing code with pytest library1. Python includes a tool called pip that’s used to install third- party packages. Because pip helps install packages from external resources, it’s updated often to address potential security issues. So update pip first (open new terminal window and type the code below)python -m pip install --upgrade pippython -m pip install --upgrade 패키지_이름2. Now install pytestpy..

Reading from a filefrom pathlib import Pathpath = Path('pi_digits.txt')contents = path.read_text()print(contents)Use Python Library called pathlibImport path classAssign variable to the object representing the file 'pi_digits.txt'Since this file is saved in the same directory as the .py file we’re writing, the filename is all that Path needs to access the file.Use read_text() method on the varia..

ClassesMaking an object from a class is called instantiation, and you work with instances of a class.class Dog: """A simple attempt to model a dog.""" def __init__(self, name, age): """Initialize name and age attributes.""" self.name = name self.age = age def sit(self): """Simulate a dog sitting in response to a command.""" print(f"{self.name} is now s..

functiondef favorite_book(title): """Display a message about someone's favorite book.""" print(f"{title} is one of my favorite books.")favorite_book('The Abstract Wild')Start with defGive a variable with parentheses (parameter), and end with colonExplain the function in triple quotesWrite a code about what the function doesCall the function with arguement in parentheses functions are named..

Input() functionThe input() function takes one argument: the prompt that we want to display to the user, so they know what kind of information to enter Use CTRL + '(backtick) to switch from editor pane to terminal paneprompt = "If you share your name, we can personalize the messages you see."prompt += "\nWhat is your first name? "name = input(prompt)print(f"\nHello, {name}!")Multiline string for..

Dictionaryalien_0 = {'color': 'green', 'points': 5}Open and close by { } braces, key-value pair is distinguished by : colonprint(alien_0['color'])How to access 'color' key to get the valuealien_0['x_position'] = 0alien_0['y_position'] = 25print(alien_0)How to add key-value pair to the dictionaryyou can also modify the existing key using the same codeline format abovedel alien_0['x_position']del ..

Conditional Test>>> cars = 'bmw'Can be interpreted as: 'Set the value of the cars 'bmw' ' >>> cars == 'bmw'True>>> cars == 'audi'FalseCan be interpreted as: 'Is the value of the cars 'bmw'?' True. 'Is the value of the cars 'audi'?' False. Case sensitivity is important. For exmaple:>>> car = 'Audi'>>> car == 'audi'FalseHowever,>>> car = 'Audi'>>> car.lower() == 'audi'True  Checking for inequality..

Using a Loop  Starts with for and indentation is followed with a tab for PEP 8. Don't forget the colon.magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']for magician in magicians: print(f'They are all unqualified {magician}')They are all unqualified aliceThey are all unqualified davidThey are all unqualified carolina Making numerical listsrange() function generates a series of numbersfor value in range(..

Listcars = ['Honda', 'KIA', 'BMW', 'Lada']print(cars)print(cars[0])print(cars[1])print(cars[-1])print(cars[-2])['Honda', 'KIA', 'BMW', 'Lada']HondaKIALadaBMW[ ] squares brackets must be used to create a listNotice how index starts from 0, not 1 Modifying elements in ListHere, I have replaced 'Honda' with 'Toyota' in the listcars = ['Honda', 'KIA', 'BMW', 'Lada']print(cars)cars[0] = 'Toyota'print..

VariablesEvery variable is connected to a value, which is the information associated with that variable. message = "Hello Python world!"print(message)In this case the value is the "Hello Python world!" text.Variables in Python are commonly likened to boxes for storing values, which can be a useful analogy initially. However, a more accurate representation is to view variables as labels that are ..